Female Genital Mutilation Essay Outline

Bruno Estrada
English 8
Ms. Hyde
Outline: Final Draft
April 2, 2008
Outline: FGM: Pain for Pleasure?

Thesis: For countless years many have performed strange rituals and procedures in the name of religions, gods, or even kings. Some of these rituals or procedures degrade human beings for others pleasure. Female Genital Mutilation is an inhumane ritual/procedure that, degrades women, puts women at a high health risk, and sometimes can have lethal consequences. No religion or politic can justify these actions.

A. Female genital Mutilation briefing.
1. Description of process
2. Types of Mutilation
I. FGM Degrades Women/Girls.
A. Religious reasons.
1. Muslims religion practice.
2. Stress of “Purity”.
B. Forced Mutilation.
1. Patriarchy.
2. More “pleasure” for future husband.
C. International Women and Children Rights.
1. Violated rights by these indigenous actions
2. Hold women from holding a job or going to school.
II. Health repercussions.
A. Women/Girls are exposed to infection.
1. Practiced in villages that are not sterile.
2. Examine open wounds without care.
3. Tools used not approved and cleansed medically.
B. Urinary Infections.
1. Bladder takes two hours to empty.
2. Menstrual cycle is longer and may cause blood clots.
3. Very bad odor.
C. Social and Psychological effects.
1. Many women have pain but are trained not to show it.
2. Some cases vivid flashbacks of procedure as well as menstrual cycles.
III. Lethal Consequences.
A. During procedure.
1. Extensive bleeding.
2. Surgeon may make a mistake.
3. Death not reported.
B. Urinary and Menstrual deaths.
C. Child labor deaths.
Conclusion:
A. Efforts to abolish FGM.
B. All evidence of danger during these processes are now exposed, so why do atrocities like these keep happening in our world? Fingers maybe pointed but as we all argue these innocent souls are being robbed of their purity. These young girls are being mutilated for one mans pleasure. Most areas in which FGM was practiced have been eliminated but some still stand. It is up to our present and future leaders to completely annihilate these inhumane, unjust, and hazardous procedures.




Work Cited
Internet:
“Economic and Social Council”. Ending female genital mutilation.
February 26- March 9 2007. United Nations. 8 March 2007

Books:
Dorkenoo, Efua. Cutting The Rose: Female Genital Mutilation: Practice and its Prevention. London, United Kingdom: Minority Rights Publications, 1994.

Lightfoot-Klein, Hanny. Prisoners of Ritual: an odyssey into female genital circumcision in Africa. Binghamton, NY: Harrington Park Press Inc., 1989.

Rahman, Anika, and Toubia, Nahida. Female genital Mutilation: A Guide to Laws and Policies Worldwide. London, UK and New York, NY: Zed Books, 2000.